Brooder.



J. F. CARY.

BROODER..

APPLICATION FILED 0121.4. I9I3.

Patented Aug. 10, 1915.

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2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- INVENTOR F. CARY.

BROODER.

APPLlCATlON FILED OCT- 4| 1913.

Patented Aug. 10, 1915.

OGQGGOO COLUMBIA PWDUWM C0.. WASHINGTON. D. C.

WITNESSES .ToiiN FRANKLIN CARY, or MCoANnLnss TOWNSHIP,` ALLEGHENYCOUNTY,

-PENNsYLvANiA I IBROODER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. io, i915.

Application filed ctober 4, 1913'. Serial N o. 793,314.

To all 'wiom t may concern.'

Be it yknown that I, JOHN FRANKLiN CARY, a resident of McCandlesstownship, in the county of Allegheny and Statev of Pennsylvania, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Brooders, of which thefollowing is a specification. j

This invention relates to brooders, and particularly to means forheating and yentilating the same, conserving the animal heat of thebirds and protecting them from enemies.

Theobject ofthe invention is to provide an improved brooderhavingcombined heating and Ventilating means arranged to prevent the chickslfroiiicrowding or injuring each other and to keep them warm withoutburning, and which means embodies a member which is adjustabletotwopositions, in one of which it acts as a ventilator and as a partitionwall for dividing the chicks into groups, and in the other position as aheater or radiator.

Another objectof the invention is to provide animproved hover forconserving the animal heat.

The invention comprises the construction and arrangement of partshereinafter de-v scribed and claimed.

In rthe drawings, Figure 1 represents a front elevation of a brooderembodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof, partly insection; Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same with the cover removed, andomitting the upper end of the sinokestack and showingonehover in place;Fig. 4 is a detail longitudinal sectional elevation, showing the movableconduit acting as a radiator; Fig. 5 isa cross sectional elevation onthe line 5*5, Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a broken out longitudinal section on theline 6 5, Fig. 3; Fig. 7 is a plan view of a hover; Fig. 8 is a sideelevation thereof; Fig. 9 is a detail cross section on the line 9 9,Fig. 3; and

Fig. 10 is asimilar cross section on the line io*i0, Fig. c.

The brooder shown inthe drawings comprises a casing having side walls 1,a front wall 2, and a rear wall 3, said walls being formed either ofmetal or wood, and shown as of wood. The brooder may rest directly uponthe ground, in which case the ground forms its. bottom, butit preferablyhas/a bottom 4 and a false bottom 5 thereabove, to

` dow 7 is a door 14,

provide an air space 6 for keeping the brooder Hoor dry; rlihe frontwall 2 has hinged theretoa window 7 which may be locked by suitablecatches 8,

and which may be raised for ventilation.

The opening covered by said window is preferably also covered by ascreen9, to keep out rats or other animals. Above the window the frontwall is provided with aplurality ofv screened openings 10 which maybeopened'or closed by sliding shutters 11 operated by handles 12projecting out'through slots 18 in the wall. Said openings may be openedfor ventilation when the weather-is too severe to permit the largewindow to be raised. Below the winhinged on a horizontal axis and havingits lower edge exposed and extending slightly vbelow they oor level. Arow of projections 15, preferably steel pins, is driven into 4theexposed loweredge of said door, `and a second row of* similar pins isdriven into the front wall 2 just below said door, so that when thelatter is closed the two rows of pins are interlocked in staggeredrelation as `shown in Fig. 1. .n The proor runways 17 secured to theside walls.

The roof is slidable along the runways 17, and may be moved rearwardlyto the position shown in dotted lines, Fig. 2, to permit access tothebrooder for manipulating the combined ventilator and radiator or thehovers and handling the chicks. Preferably, two stops 18 are secured toone or both of the side walls l in position to be contacted by one ofthehooks 16 in open and closed positionsL of the cover.

A wing 2O extends outwardly from the rear wall Bof the brooderandforms'a oliainber for holding the lamp or heaterl21.' One of the walls`ofL said wing, such as the rear wall 22, may be hinged to form a doorthroughv which the' lamp or heater may be inserted or -manipulated whendesired, and which is provided with one or more openings .22aL admittingair to the. heating chamber. ,The chimney 23 of the heater bendslaterally into a horizontal plane and projects through the rear wall andinto the brooder, as at 24.

Within the brooder is located a combined heating and Ventilating member25 which may be of any suitable shape, depending upon the size andproportions of the particular brooder. As shown in the drawings saidmember in plan View is shaped like a cross having a rea-r arm 26, twoside arms 26a and a front arm 26", each of which is hollow and is formedof a U-shaped sheet metal bottom member 40 having a top cover plate 41suitably secured thereto, such as by beading, riveting or solderingtheir edges together. A Vertical longitudinal partition 42 is locatedwithin each of said arms. These partitions, however, stop short of theouter ends ot the arms, but join where they intersect. and 26b areclosed by walls 27, which are bent or shaped to form channels 28 toreceive vertical ribs or guides 29 on the side walls of the frame. Theouter end portion of arm 26 is rectangular in cross section, as

i shown in Fig. 10, and its cover plate stops short of the end of thearm to permit it to pass pipe 23 in lowering the member 25 to its lowestposition. The side walls of arm 26 are provided with inclined guides 30for sliding door 3l, the lower edge of which rests on the upper surfaceof the rectangular end portion 24 of pipe 23 when the heater is up, asin Fig. 6, and on the fiat bottom 0or arm 26 when the heater is down, asin Fig. 2. In both positions of member 25 the end of arm 26 is closed bythe plate or door 31. The outer end of arm 26b is provided with anupstanding tubular member 32, which telescopes into the lower end of thetubular smokestack 33, which is suitably secured to and passes throughthe front wall 2 of the frame, and has its outer end open to theatmosphere.

Each of the arms 26'L1 and 26b is provided on its upper face. with asuitable spring catch 34, whose beveled end 35 engages a socket 36 onthe guide 29 to support the heater when raised. Above one or more of thearms, such as the rear arm 26, is located a stop 37, which is securedtoa wall of the casing and prevents the member 25 from being lifted toofar. yMember 25 is preferably provided with a lifting bail or handle25a, as shown in Fig. 3. The member 25 is lifted to its uppermostposition inv they day time or when it is desired to allow the chicks toexercise. The'sliding door 31 is moved to close the end of rear arm 26and the lamp or heater 21 is started. The heated air and gases ofcombustion pass through the lamp chimney 23 and enter the rear arm 26,half of the air and gases passing through each of the passages 38 onopposite sides of the partition wall 42. The gases follow the course Theouter ends of the arms 262" indicated by the arrows in Fig. 3,traveling' outwardly in the two side arms 26, around the ends of thepartition walls therein and back to the front arm 26", through whichthey pass to the pipe 32 and thence to the smokestack 33 and out to theopen air. IThe member 25 in this case is supported at a level highenough to prevent the chicks from touching the same, so they are notliable to be burned, and moreover, cannot nd the source of heat so thatthey do not mass or crowd together and injure themselves.

At night it is unnecessary to supply heat to the broeder, since byarranging the heating and Ventilating member 25 as hereinbeafterdescribed and covering the chicks with hovers, they generate suiiicientanimal heat to keep warm. The lamp or heater 21 is turned olf, theslidingdoor 31 is moved back, the catches 34 are pressed'back, andmember 25 is lowered until it rests on the loor of the brooder. The farms of said member are all provided along the upper' edges of theirside walls with rows of Ventilating openings 43. Within the passages 38in said arms are located movable shutters or plates 44, having handlesor knobs 45 extending out through longitudinal slotsA in said arms. Saidshutters are provided with openings, and by moving the plateslongitudinally in the armsthe openings 43 may be opened or closed asdesired. 1n the upper position of the member 25, when it acts as aheater or radiator, said openings are closed. In the lower position ofsaid member, when it acts as a ventilator, the plates are moved to openthe Ventilating openings.

Door 31 is also dropped to the bottom of y46, 47, and which is providedwith corner springs or clips 52 to detachably hold the corners of a web53 of suitable textile fabric, such as an ordinary iannel blanket. Thisweb hangs loosely` from the hover and the chicks crowd under the same,as will be readily understood. IThe web 53 can be easily slipped outfrom the clips 52 for washing or disinfecting. Each hover, in onedirection, is shorter than the compartment in which it is placed, sothat an open space 54 is left between the edge of the hover and theinner wall of the casing. Fresh air now enters the casing through theopenings 22a in the wing 22 andtravels up through the chimney 23 of theheater and downwardly around the outside edges of the hover through thespaces 5.4 and then underneath the vwebs l53 of the hovers, carryingwith itl the heat and foul air and gases generated by the chicks, whichpass through the Ventilating openings 43 into'member 25, and thencealong the passages therein to the outer end of member 26", and fromthence through the pipe 32 and stack 33 to the open air.

Racks 55 are preferably secured to the under side of the roof or cover13, in which the hovers 50.l may be stacked when not in use, as shown indotted lines, Fig. 2. Dur-k ing the daytime, when the hovers are not inuse and member 25 acts as a radiator, the

hovers are kept warm and dry ready for use` in the evening. n

rlhe brooder described is of simple construction, can be cheaplymanufactured and readily manipulated. The member 25 acts both as aheater or radiator and as a ventilator member. Nhen in its lowermostposition it also acts. as a fence or division wall separating the chicksinto groups or divisions so there is less dangerl of overcrowding, andalso as a support for the hover# frames.

l/Vhat I claim is:

l. A brooder, comprising a casing having an opening for admitting heatedair or gas thereinto, a hollow member adapted to occupy two positionswithin said casing, said member in one of said positions communicatingwith said opening, and a conduit leading from said member to theatmosphere in both of said positions. v

2. A brooder, comprising a casing having an opening above its bottom, ahollow heating and ventilating member therein adapted to occupy twopositions, said member in one position resting on the bottom of thecasing, and in its other position communieating with said opening, and aconduit permanently connected to said member opening to the atmospheretherefrom.

3. A brooder, comprising a casing having an opening above its bottom, ahollow heating ventilating member adapted to occupy two positionstherein, said member in one p position'resting on the bottom of thecasing and in its other position communicating with said opening, and atelescoping conduit arranged to open communication from said member tothe atmosphere in both of said positions.

4. A brooder, comprising a casing having an opening above its bottom, ahollow member movable vertically therein and in its lowest positionresting on the bottom of the brooder, said member in its Lipper positioncommunicating with said opening, and a vertically disposed telescopingconduit leading from said member to the atmosphere.

5. A brooder, comprisingv a casing having an opening above its bottom, ahollow member movable vertically therein and in its' communication withsaid opening, a conduit,

leading from one end of said member to the atmosphere, and means forclosing the other end of. said member when ldwered.

6,. A brooder, comprising a casing having an opening above its bottom, ahollow member therein adapted to rest on the bottom of the brooder orabove said bottom in communication with said opening, means forsupporting said member in said second named position, and a telescopingconduit leading from said member to the atmosphere.

7. A brooder, comprising a casing having an opening above its bottom, ahollowmember movable vertically in said casing, vertical guides for saidmember, said member in its lowest position resting on the bottom of thebrooder and in its upper position being in communication with saidopening,

and means opening f communication from saidmember to the atmosphere inboth of said positions.

8. A brooder, comprising a casing having an opening above its bottom, ahollow member movable vertically therein, vertical guides for saidmember, a stop arranged to be contacted by said member for limitingupward movement thereof, said member in its lowest position resting onthe bottom of the brooder and in its upper position communicating withsaid opening, and means opening communication from said member to theatmosphere.

9. A brooder, comprising a casing having an opening above its bottom, ahollow member movable vertically therein and adapted to rest on thebottom of the brooder or to occupy a position above the bottom thereofand in communication with said opening, said member being provided withventilating openings, and a conduit arranged to open communication fromsaid member to the atmosphere in both of said positions.

l0. A brooder, comprising a casing having an opening above its bottom, ahollow member movable vertically therein and adapted to rest on thebottom of the brooder .or to occupy a position above the bottom thereofand in communication with said opening, said member being provided withVentilating openings, and means for opening and closing said openings.

l1. A brooder, comprising a casing having an opening above its bottom, ahollow member movable vertically therein and in its lowest positionresting on the bottom thereof, said member in its upper position beingin communication with said opening, said .member being provided withVentilating openings, and a vertically disposed telescoping conduitleading from said member to the atmosphere in both positions thereof.

12. A brooder, comprising a casing 'having an opening above its bottom,a hollow member movable vertically therein and `in Iits lowest positionresting on the bottom thereof, said member in its .upper position beingin communication with said opening, said member being provided withventilating` openings, and means for opening and closing saidventilating openings.

13. A broeder, comprising a casing having an opening above its bottom, ahollow member movable vertically therein and adapted to rest upon thebottom of the brooder or to occupy a position above said bottom and incommunication with said opening, said member beingprovided with sidelugs, cooperating lugs on the casing Wall, removable hovers adapted torest on said lugs when the member is in its lowest position, and aconduit opening communication between said member andthe atmosphere.

14C. A brooder, comprising a casing having an opening above its bottom,a heating and Ventilating member movable vertically in said casing, saidmember having horizontally disposed diverging arms, said arms formingconduits for heatedv air or gas when the member is in its uppermostposition and in communication with said opening, said arms beingprovided with Ventilating openings, anda conduit leading from one ofsaid arms to the atmosphere.

15. A brooder, comprising a casing, and a hollou7 member movablevertically therein and in its upper position acting as a heater, saidmember in its lowest position acting as a ventilator and division wall,supports carried by said member, and removable hovers carried by saidsupports.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand. y f

JOHNYFRANKLN CARY.

Witnesses:

- ELBERT L. HYDE,

GLENN' H. LERESCHE.

Copies of this patent may 'ne obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of latents,

- Washington, D. C.

